Cannabis Legalization

Governor Murphy signed the New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory, Enforcement Assistance, and Marketplace Modernization Act into law, legalizing and regulating cannabis use and possession for adults 21 years and older and decriminalizing marijuana and hashish possession, A-1897 (P.L.2021,c.19).  

The Governor also signed S-3454 (P.L.2021,c.25), clarifying marijuana and cannabis use and possession penalties for individuals younger than 21 years old.

Municipal Considerations

The New Jersey Cannabis Regulatory Commission released the first set of regulations on August 19, 2021. For details, review the August 26, 2021 Special Update from NJLM. The regulations were proposed for readoption with amendments. 

CRC Regulations answer Frequently Asked Questions for Municipalities on the cannabis market components.

NJAC Personal Use file shares insights and specifics on the Personal Use Cannabis Rules which expire August 19, 2022.

Background

  • Opt-In or Opt-Out Timeline: Municipalities had 180 days (until August 21, 2021) to take action to either prohibit or limit the number of cannabis establishments, distributors, or delivery services; the location, manner, and times of operation, and establishing civil penalties for violation of ordinances.
  • Existing Ordinances: Any existing municipal ordinances regulating or prohibiting cannabis are null and void. They must be readopted to be effective.
  • No Action Result: If municipalities do not take action within 180 days, any class of cannabis establishment or distributor will be permitted to operate in the municipality, and depending on the type of establishment, be considered a permitted use in certain zones.
  • 5-Year Periods: A municipality that fails to enact an ordinance prohibiting the operation of one or more classes of cannabis establishments, before August 21, 2021, is precluded from passing an ordinance banning the operation for a period of 5 years. After this 5-year period, a municipality has another 180-day window to prohibit or limit cannabis operations, but this action only applies prospectively. Those who initially opt-out can opt-in at any time.
  • Local Cannabis Tax: Municipalities can enact by ordinance a local cannabis tax that cannot exceed 2% for cannabis cultivator, manufacturer, and/or retailer; and 1% for wholesalers. The tax percentage is based on the receipts for each sale and is paid directly to the municipality in the manner prescribed by the municipality. Any delinquencies are treated the same as delinquent property taxes. The tax cannot apply to delivery services to consumers or transfers for the purpose of bulk transportation.
  • Delivery Rights: A municipality cannot prohibit the delivery of cannabis items and related supplies by a delivery service within their jurisdiction.
  • Civil Rights: When responding to a call related to underage consumption or possession of cannabis or alcohol can be guilty of a crime of official deprivation of civil rights if knowingly violating the provisions of the new law regarding interactions with underage persons. 

State Resource Page

Attorney General's office maintains the Marijuana Decriminalization & Cannabis Legalization Resource Page intended to provide resources and information for police and prosecutors navigating the laws and policy. The Resource Page provides access to AG Directive 2021-1, governing the dismissals of certain pending marijuana charges, and access to interim guidance for law enforcement officers regarding marijuana decriminalization.

The Attorney General's office has also produced a downloadable Q&A page on Cannabis topics.

League Stance

While the League does not have a position on legalized recreational marijuana, we provide information for our members. The League’s Task Force has explored and researched the impacts of the legalization of adult recreational use on municipalities. 

In addition, NJLM formed a coalition with the New Jersey Urban Mayors Association and the New Jersey Conference of Mayors. While the coalition does not take a position on legalization, we are working together to ensure that municipal interests are protected.


Updated: February 13, 2023

  1. Can cannabis facilities operate within “Drug-Free School Zones?”
  2. Can a municipality adopt an ordinance regulating cannabis delivery services?
  3. What kind of tax can a municipality impose on cannabis establishments? And, do vertically integrated facilities avoid certain local taxes?
  4. What are the projected revenues of the local transfer and user tax?
  5. What kind of license does a cannabis testing facility require? Can a municipality prevent cannabis testing facilities operating within their boundaries the same they do other license holders?
  6. Can currently licensed alternative treatment centers begin offering their services for non-medicinal purposes? If yes, is municipal approval required prior to the alternative treatment center expandin
  7. Can a municipality prohibit the consumption of cannabis on public property and in public places?
  8. Will cannabis cultivators be eligible for farmland assessment?
  9. Can cannabis be cultivated on preserved farmland?
  10. Is the growing and processing of cannabis eligible for Right-to-Farm protection?
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